UGC-NET – Paper II: LAW (Code: 58)
Exam Cycle: June 2026
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════
COURSE OVERVIEW
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Subject Name: LAW
Subject Code: 58
Conducting Body: National Testing Agency (NTA)
Paper Type: Paper-II – LAW
Total Marks: 200
Total Questions: 100 MCQs
Mode: Computer Based Test (CBT)
Duration: 3 Hours (Paper I + II combined)
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════
COMPLETE LIST OF UNITS
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Unit I: JURISPRUDENCE
Unit II: CONSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
Unit III: PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW AND IHL
Unit IV: LAW OF CRIMES
Unit V: LAW OF TORTS AND CONSUMER PROTECTION
Unit VI: COMMERCIAL LAW
Unit VII: FAMILY LAW
Unit VIII: ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN RIGHTS LAW
Unit IX: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY LAW
Unit X: COMPARATIVE PUBLIC LAW AND SYSTEMS OF GOVERNANCE
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════
UNIT-WISE DETAILED SYLLABUS
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Unit I: JURISPRUDENCE
Topic 1: Nature and sources of law
• Nature and sources of law
Topic 2: Schools of jurisprudence
• Schools of jurisprudence
Topic 3: Law and morality
• Law and morality
Topic 4: Concept of rights and duties
• Concept of rights and duties
Topic 5: Legal personality
• Legal personality
Topic 6: Concepts of property, ownership and possession
• Concepts of property, ownership and possession
Topic 7: Concept of liability
• Concept of liability
Topic 8: Law, poverty and development
• Law, poverty and development
Topic 9: Global justice
• Global justice
Topic 10: Modernism and post-modernism
• Modernism and post-modernism
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Unit II: CONSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
Topic 1: Preamble, fundamental rights and duties, directive principles of state policy.
• Preamble, fundamental rights and duties, directive principles of state policy
Topic 2: Union and State executive and their interrelationship
• Union and State executive and their interrelationship
Topic 3: Union and State legislature and distribution of legislative powers
• Union and State legislature and distribution of legislative powers
Topic 4: Judiciary
• Judiciary
Topic 5: Emergency provisions
• Emergency provisions
Topic 6: Temporary, transitional and special provisions in respect of certain states
• Temporary, transitional and special provisions in respect of certain states
Topic 7: Election Commission of India
• Election Commission of India
Topic 8: Nature, scope and importance of administrative law
• Nature, scope and importance of administrative law
Topic 9: Principle of natural justice
• Principle of natural justice
Topic 10: Judicial review of administrative actions – Grounds.
• Judicial review of administrative actions – Grounds
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Unit III: PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW AND IHL
Topic 1: International law – Definition, nature and basis
• International law – Definition, nature and basis
Topic 2: Sources of International law
• Sources of International law
Topic 3: Recognition of states and governments
• Recognition of states and governments
Topic 4: Nationality, immigrants, refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs)
• Nationality, immigrants, refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs)
Topic 5: Extradition and asylum
• Extradition and asylum
Topic 6: United Nations and its organs
• United Nations and its organs
Topic 7: Settlement of international disputes
• Settlement of international disputes
Topic 8: World Trade Organization (WTO)
• World Trade Organization (WTO)
Topic 9: International humanitarian law (IHL) – Conventions and protocols
• International humanitarian law (IHL) – Conventions and protocols
Topic 10: Implementation of IHL – Challenges
• Implementation of IHL – Challenges
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Unit IV: LAW OF CRIMES
Topic 1: General principles of criminal liability – Actus reus and mens rea, individual and group liability and constructive liability
• General principles of criminal liability – Actus reus and mens rea, individual and group liability and constructive liability
Topic 2: Stages of crime and inchoate crimes – Abetment, criminal conspiracy and attempt
• Stages of crime and inchoate crimes – Abetment, criminal conspiracy and attempt
Topic 3: General exceptions
• General exceptions
Topic 4: Offences against human body
• Offences against human body
Topic 5: Offences against state and terrorism
• Offences against state and terrorism
Topic 6: Offences against property
• Offences against property
Topic 7: Offences against women and children
• Offences against women and children
Topic 8: Drug trafficking and counterfeiting
• Drug trafficking and counterfeiting
Topic 9: Offences against public tranquility
• Offences against public tranquility
Topic 10: Theories and kinds of punishments, compensation to the victims of crime
• Theories and kinds of punishments, compensation to the victims of crime
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Unit V: LAW OF TORTS AND CONSUMER PROTECTION
Topic 1: Nature and definition of tort
• Nature and definition of tort
Topic 2: General principles of tortious liability
• General principles of tortious liability
Topic 3: General defenses
• General defenses
Topic 4: Specific torts – Negligence, nuisance, trespass and defamation
• Specific torts – Negligence, nuisance, trespass and defamation
Topic 5: Remoteness of damages
• Remoteness of damages
Topic 6: Strict and absolute liability
• Strict and absolute liability
Topic 7: Tortious liability of the State
• Tortious liability of the State
Topic 8: The Consumer Protection Act 1986 – Definitions, consumer rights and redressal mechanism
• The Consumer Protection Act 1986 – Definitions, consumer rights and redressal mechanism
Topic 9: The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 – No fault liability, third party insurance and claims tribunal
• The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 – No fault liability, third party insurance and claims tribunal
Topic 10: The Competition Act, 2002 – Prohibition of certain agreements, abuse of dominant position and regulation of combinations
• The Competition Act, 2002 – Prohibition of certain agreements, abuse of dominant position and regulation of combinations
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Unit VI: COMMERCIAL LAW
Topic 1: Essential elements of contract and e-contract
• Essential elements of contract and e-contract
Topic 2: Breach of contract, frustration of contract, void and voidable agreements
• Breach of contract, frustration of contract, void and voidable agreements
Topic 3: Standard form of contract and quasi-contract
• Standard form of contract and quasi-contract
Topic 4: Specific contracts – Bailment, pledge, indemnity, guarantee and agency
• Specific contracts – Bailment, pledge, indemnity, guarantee and agency
Topic 5: Sale of Goods Act, 1930
• Sale of Goods Act, 1930
Topic 6: Partnership and limited liability partnership
• Partnership and limited liability partnership
Topic 7: Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881
• Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881
Topic 8: Company law – Incorporation of a company, prospectus, shares and debentures
• Company law – Incorporation of a company, prospectus, shares and debentures
Topic 9: Company law – Directors and meetings
• Company law – Directors and meetings
Topic 10: Corporate social responsibility
• Corporate social responsibility
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Unit VII: FAMILY LAW
Topic 1: Sources and schools
• Sources and schools
Topic 2: Marriage and dissolution of marriage
• Marriage and dissolution of marriage
Topic 3: Matrimonial remedies – Divorce and theories of divorce
• Matrimonial remedies – Divorce and theories of divorce
Topic 4: Changing dimensions of institution of marriage – Live-in relationship
• Changing dimensions of institution of marriage – Live-in relationship
Topic 5: Recognition of foreign decrees in India on marriage and divorce
• Recognition of foreign decrees in India on marriage and divorce
Topic 6: Maintenance, dower and stridhan
• Maintenance, dower and stridhan
Topic 7: Adoption, guardianship and acknowledgement
• Adoption, guardianship and acknowledgement
Topic 8: Succession and inheritance
• Succession and inheritance
Topic 9: Will, gift and wakf
• Will, gift and wakf
Topic 10: Uniform Civil Code
• Uniform Civil Code
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Unit VIII: ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN RIGHTS LAW
Topic 1: Meaning and concept of ‘environment’ and ‘environmental pollution’
• Meaning and concept of ‘environment’ and ‘environmental pollution’
Topic 2: International environmental law and UN Conferences
• International environmental law and UN Conferences
Topic 3: Constitutional and legal framework for protection of environment in India
• Constitutional and legal framework for protection of environment in India
Topic 4: Environmental Impact Assessment and control of hazardous waste in India
• Environmental Impact Assessment and control of hazardous waste in India
Topic 5: National Green Tribunal
• National Green Tribunal
Topic 6: Concept and development of human rights
• Concept and development of human rights
Topic 7: Universalism and cultural relativism
• Universalism and cultural relativism
Topic 8: International Bill of Rights
• International Bill of Rights
Topic 9: Group rights – Women, children, persons with disabilities, elderly persons, minorities and weaker sections
• Group rights – Women, children, persons with disabilities, elderly persons, minorities and weaker sections
Topic 10: Protection and enforcement of human rights in India – National Human Rights Commission, National Commission for Minorities, National Commission for Women, National Commission for Scheduled Castes, National Commission for Schedule Tribes and National Commission for Backward Classes
• Protection and enforcement of human rights in India – National Human Rights Commission, National Commission for Minorities, National Commission for Women, National Commission for Scheduled Castes, National Commission for Schedule Tribes and National Commission for Backward Classes
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Unit IX: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY LAW
Topic 1: Concept and meaning of intellectual property
• Concept and meaning of intellectual property
Topic 2: Theories of intellectual property
• Theories of intellectual property
Topic 3: International conventions pertaining to intellectual properties
• International conventions pertaining to intellectual properties
Topic 4: Copyright and neighboring rights – Subject matters, limitations and exceptions, infringement and remedies
• Copyright and neighboring rights – Subject matters, limitations and exceptions, infringement and remedies
Topic 5: Law of patent – Patentability, procedure for grant of patent, limitations and exceptions, infringement and remedies
• Law of patent – Patentability, procedure for grant of patent, limitations and exceptions, infringement and remedies
Topic 6: Law of trademark – Registration of trademarks, kinds of trademarks, infringement and passing off, remedies
• Law of trademark – Registration of trademarks, kinds of trademarks, infringement and passing off, remedies
Topic 7: Protection of Geographical Indications
• Protection of Geographical Indications
Topic 8: Bio-diversity and Traditional Knowledge
• Bio-diversity and Traditional Knowledge
Topic 9: Information technology law- digital signature and electronic signature, electronic governance, electronic records and duties of subscribers
• Information technology law- digital signature and electronic signature, electronic governance, electronic records and duties of subscribers
Topic 10: Cyber crimes, penalties and adjudication
• Cyber crimes, penalties and adjudication
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Unit X: COMPARATIVE PUBLIC LAW AND SYSTEMS OF GOVERNANCE
Topic 1: Comparative Law – Relevance, methodology, problems and concerns in Comparison
• Comparative Law – Relevance, methodology, problems and concerns in Comparison
Topic 2: Forms of governments – Presidential and parliamentary, unitary and federal
• Forms of governments – Presidential and parliamentary, unitary and federal
Topic 3: Models of federalism – USA, Canada and India
• Models of federalism – USA, Canada and India
Topic 4: Rule of Law – ‘Formal’ and ‘substantive’ versions
• Rule of Law – ‘Formal’ and ‘substantive’ versions
Topic 5: Separation of powers – India, UK, USA and France
• Separation of powers – India, UK, USA and France
Topic 6: Independence of judiciary, judicial activism and accountability – India, UK and USA
• Independence of judiciary, judicial activism and accountability – India, UK and USA
Topic 7: Systems of constitutional review – India, USA, Switzerland and France
• Systems of constitutional review – India, USA, Switzerland and France
Topic 8: Amendment of the Constitution – India, USA and South Africa
• Amendment of the Constitution – India, USA and South Africa
Topic 9: Ombudsman – Sweden, UK and India
• Ombudsman – Sweden, UK and India
Topic 10: Open Government and Right to Information – USA, UK and India
• Open Government and Right to Information – USA, UK and India
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════
EXAMINATION STRUCTURE
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Paper-II: Subject Specific Examination
- Total Questions: 100
- Total Marks: 200
- Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)
- Negative Marking: No
- Duration: 3 Hours (Combined with Paper I)
- Mode: Computer Based Test (CBT)
Additional Notes (if any):
- [No additional notes provided in source]
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════
SYLLABUS SUMMARY
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Total Units: 10
Total Topics: 100
Subject: LAW
Subject Code: 58
Exam Category: UGC-NET Paper-II
Source: Official NTA/UGC Syllabus
Status: “As per latest official syllabus”